Which pair developed the Job Characteristics Model?

Which pair developed the Job Characteristics Model?

• A. Adams and Vroom
• B. Maslow and Alderfer
• C. Bandura and Skinner
• D. Hackman and Oldham

Answer: (D)

The main idea here is who developed a framework that links how a job is designed to how motivated a person feels. Hackman and Oldham proposed the Job Characteristics Model, identifying five core aspects of a job—skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback—that influence three psychological states: the experienced meaningfulness of the work, the sense of responsibility for outcomes, and knowledge of the actual results. When these states are present, people tend to be more motivated, perform better, feel more satisfied, and stay longer in their roles. This model was developed by Hackman and Oldham in the 1970s, and it stands apart from theories assigned to other researchers: Adams and Vroom are linked to equity and expectancy theories, Maslow and Alderfer to needs-based frameworks, and Bandura and Skinner to learning and reinforcement.

The main idea here is who developed a framework that links how a job is designed to how motivated a person feels. Hackman and Oldham proposed the Job Characteristics Model, identifying five core aspects of a job—skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback—that influence three psychological states: the experienced meaningfulness of the work, the sense of responsibility for outcomes, and knowledge of the actual results. When these states are present, people tend to be more motivated, perform better, feel more satisfied, and stay longer in their roles. This model was developed by Hackman and Oldham in the 1970s, and it stands apart from theories assigned to other researchers: Adams and Vroom are linked to equity and expectancy theories, Maslow and Alderfer to needs-based frameworks, and Bandura and Skinner to learning and reinforcement.